This study proposes a Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) framework to assess
the technical efficiency of 26 European countries in the last five years, under the
ongoing 2020 energy policy. DEA is used to estimate efficiency which is complemented
by bootstrapping to obtain statistical inferences. Further, we explore the
relationship between the targets regarding energy efficiency, renewable energy
share and the greenhouse gas emissions and, in addition, the electricity prices
derived from the energy system on the efficiency levels of European countries
through a panel data truncated regression with bootstrapping. It is observed that
the bias-corrected efficiency of the economies increased approximately 13%, on
average, since 2009. The results achieved bring into view that the efforts regarding
the energy policies developed in each country to follow 20-20-20 targets,
have not threatened the improvement of their efficiency.